| Country |
Role |
Occupants |
| Albania |
|
First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania |
Enver Hoxha 1941-1985 |
|
|
Ramiz Alia 1985-1991 |
| |
Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly
|
Haxhi Lleshi 1953-1982 |
| |
|
Ramiz Alia 1982-1992 |
| |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers
|
Mehmet Shehu 1954-1981 |
| |
|
Adil Çarçani 1981-1992
|
| Bulgaria |
|
First Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party/Head of State
|
Valko Chervenkov 1949-1954 |
| |
|
Todor Zhivkov 1954-1989 |
| |
|
Petar Mladenov 1989-1990 |
| |
President of Bulgaria |
Todor Zhivkov 1971-1989 |
| |
|
Petar Mladenov 1989-1990 |
| |
|
Zhelyu Zhelev 1990-1997 |
| |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria |
Valko Chervenkov 1950-1956 |
| |
|
Anton Yugov 1956-1962 |
| |
|
Todor Zhivkov 1962-1971 |
| |
|
Stanko Todorov 1971-1981 |
| |
|
Grisha Flipov 1981-1986 |
| |
|
Georgi Atanasov 1986-1990 |
| |
|
Andrei Lukanov 1990 |
| |
|
Dimitûr Popov 1990-1991
|
| |
|
Filip Dimitrov 1991-1992 |
Czechoslovakia
|
|
First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
|
Antonín Novotný 1953-1968
|
| |
|
Alexander Dubček 1968-1969
|
| |
|
Gustáv Husák 1969-1987
|
| |
|
Miloš Jakeš 1987-1989
|
| |
Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia/Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Czechoslovakia
|
Antonín Zápotocký 1948-1953 |
| |
|
Viliam Široký 1953-1963
|
| |
|
Jozef Lenárt 1963-1968
|
| |
|
Oldřich Černík 1968-1970
|
| |
|
Lubomír Štrougal 1970-1988
|
| |
|
Ladislav Adamec 1988-1989
|
| |
|
Marián Čalfa 1989-1990
|
| |
President of Czechoslovakia
|
Klement Gottwald 1948-1953 |
| |
|
Antonín Zápotocký 1953-1957
|
| |
|
Antonín Novotný 1957-1968
|
| |
|
Ludvík Svoboda 1968-1975
|
| |
|
Gustáv Husák 1975-1989
|
| |
|
Václav Havel 1989-1992
|
East Germany
|
|
General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany |
Walter Ulbricht 1950-1971 |
| |
|
Erich Honecker 1971-1989 |
| |
|
Egon Krenz 1989 |
| |
|
Gregor Gysi 1989-1990 |
| |
Chairman of the Council of State/Head of State
|
Wilhelm Pieck 1949-1960 |
| |
|
Walter Ulbricht 1960-1973 |
| |
|
Willi Stoph 1973-1976 |
| |
|
Erich Honecker 1976-1989 |
| |
|
Egon Krenz 1989 |
| |
|
Manfred Gerlach 1989-1990 |
| |
|
Sabine Bergmann-Pohl 1990 |
| |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany/Prime Minister of East Germany
|
Otto Grotewohl 1949-1964 |
| |
|
Willi Stoph 1964-1973 |
| |
|
Horst Sindermann 1973-1976 |
| |
|
Willi Stoph 1976-1989 |
| |
|
Hans Modrow 1989-1990 |
| |
|
Lothar de Maizière 1990-1990
|
Hungary
|
|
First Secretary of the Hungarian Working Peoples’ Party
|
Mátyás Rákosi 1945-1956 |
| |
|
Ernő Gerő 1956-1956 |
| |
First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party
|
János Kádár 1956-1988
|
| |
|
Károly Grósz 1988-1989
|
| |
|
Rezső Nyers 1989-1989
|
| |
President of Hungary/Head of State
|
István Dobi 1952-1967
|
| |
|
Pál Losonczi 1967-1987
|
| |
|
Károly Németh 1987-1988
|
| |
|
Brunó Ferenc Straub 1988-1989
|
| |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Hungary/Prime Minister of Hungary
|
István Dobi 1948-1952
|
| |
|
Mátyás Rákosi 1952-1953
|
| |
|
Imre Nagy 1953-1955
|
| |
|
András Hegedüs 1955-1956
|
| |
|
Imre Nagy 1956 |
| |
|
János Kádár 1956-1958
|
| |
|
Ferenc Münnich 1958-1961
|
| |
|
János Kádár 1961-1965
|
| |
|
Gyula Kállai 1965-1967
|
| |
|
Jenő Fock 1967-1975
|
| |
|
György Lázár 1975-1987
|
| |
|
Károly Grósz 1987-1988
|
| |
|
Miklós Németh 1988-1989
|
Poland
|
|
First Secretary of the Polish United Workers’ Party
|
Bolesław Bierut 1948-1956 |
| |
|
Edward Ochab 1956-1956
|
| |
|
Władysław Gomułka 1956-1970
|
| |
|
Edward Gierek 1970-1980
|
| |
|
Stanisław Kania 1980-1981
|
| |
|
Wojciech Jaruzelski 1981-1989
|
| |
|
Mieczysław Rakowski 1989-1990
|
| |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland/Prime Minister of Poland
|
Józef Cyrankiewicz 1947-1952 |
| |
|
Bolesław Bierut 1952-1954
|
| |
|
Józef Cyrankiewicz 1954-1970
|
| |
|
Piotr Jaroszewicz 1970-1980
|
| |
|
Edward Babiuch 1980
|
| |
|
Józef Pińkowski 1980-1981
|
| |
|
Wojciech Jaruzelski 1981-1985
|
| |
|
Zbigniew Messner 1985-1988
|
| |
|
Mieczysław Rakowski 1988-1989
|
| |
|
Czesław Kiszczak 1989
|
| |
President of the Polish Council of State/Head of State
|
Aleksander Zawadzki 1952-1964 |
| |
|
Edward Ochab 1964-1968
|
| |
|
Marian Spychalski 1968-1970
|
| |
|
Józef Cyrankiewicz 1970-1972
|
| |
|
Henryk Jabłoński 1972-1985
|
| |
|
Wojciech Jaruzelski 1985-1990
|
Romania
|
|
General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party
|
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 1945-1954
|
| |
|
Gheorghe Apostol 1954-1955
|
| |
|
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 1955-1965
|
| |
|
Nicolae Ceaușescu 1965-1989
|
| |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania/Prime Minister of Romania
|
Petru Groza 1947-1952
|
| |
|
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 1952-1955
|
| |
|
Chivu Stoica 1955-1961
|
| |
|
Ion Gheorghe Maurer 1961-1974
|
| |
|
Manea Mănescu 1974-1979
|
| |
|
Ilie Verdeț 1979-1982
|
| |
|
Constantin Dăscălescu 1982-1989
|
| |
President of the Presidium of the Grand National Assembly/President of Romania/Head of State
|
Constantin Ion Parhon 1947-1952
|
| |
|
Petru Groza 1952-1958
|
| |
|
Ion Gheorghe Maurer 1958-1961
|
| |
|
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 1961-1965
|
| |
|
Chivu Stoica 1965-1967
|
| |
|
Nicolae Ceaușescu 1967-1989
|
Soviet Union
|
|
First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union |
Joseph Stalin 1922-1952 |
| |
|
Nikita Khrushchev 1953-1964 |
| |
|
Leonid Brezhnev 1964-1982 |
| |
|
Yuri Andropov 1982-1984 |
| |
|
Konstantin Chernenko 1985-1985 |
| |
|
Mikhail Gorbachev 1985-1991 |
| |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
|
Joseph Stalin 1946-1953 |
| |
|
Georgii Malenkov 1953-1955 |
| |
|
Nikolai Bulganin 1955-1958 |
| |
|
Nikita Khrushchev 1958-1964 |
| |
|
Aleksei Kosygin 1964-1980 |
| |
|
Nikolai Tikhonov 1980-1985 |
| |
|
Nikolai Ryzhkov 1985-1991 |
| |
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union/Head of State
|
Nikolai Shvernik 1946-1953 |
| |
|
Kliment Voroshilov 1953-1960 |
| |
|
Leonid Brezhnev 1960-1964 |
| |
|
Anastas Mikoyan 1964-1965 |
| |
|
Nikolai Podgorny 1965-1977 |
| |
|
Leonid Brezhnev 1977-1982 |
| |
|
Vasili Kuznetsov 1982-1983 |
| |
|
Yuri Andropov 1983-1984 |
| |
|
Vasili Kuznetsov 1984 |
| |
|
Konstantin Chernenko 1984-1985 |
| |
|
Vasili Kuznetsov 1985 |
| |
|
Andrei Gromyko 1985-1988 |
| |
|
Mikhail Gorbachev 1988-1991 |
