2 held that a man who had received a commission as surgeon before that date could practice without a certificate after that date notwithstanding the expiry of the Act. The court seems to have proceeded on the principle that surgeons to whom the Act applied acquired vested rights while the Act was in force which were not affected by its expiry. (b) In Gwynne v. Drewitt 1894 2 Ch. 616, the court had to consider a local turnpike Act which provided that a certain bridle-way "shall be stopped up and the same is hereby declared to be stopped up and discontinued.